Diabetes

 circulation. Internal secretion cells (Internal secretion) in the pancreas (pancreas - Pancreas), which are cells called beta (Beta cells), are very sensitive to the high level of sugar in the blood and secrete the hormone insulin (Insulin). Insulin is an essential bridge to enter the sugar molecules, glucose, into the muscle where it is used as a source of energy, and fat tissue and the liver, where it is stored. Also up glucose to the brain, too,
but without the help of insulin. There in the pancreas, also, another type of cells are cells Alfa (Alpha cells), which secrete a hormone Another extra, glucagon (Glucagon). This hormone causes the output of sugar from the liver and activates the work of other hormones impede the action of insulin. The balance between these two hormones (insulin and glucagon) maintain a constant level of glucose in the blood and to avoid sharp changes. Proper weight owners who increased their physical activity need a small amount of insulin to balance work blood glucose connecting to. Whenever a person is plumper and less fitness need to become a greater amount of insulin to deal with a similar amount of glucose in the blood. When you have the beta cells in the pancreas damage, less the amount of insulin-secreting gradually. This process continues for many years. And if accompanied by this case with the presence of "insulin resistance", the combination of the amount of insulin a few and the level of effectiveness is low, leading to a deviation from the level of proper glucose (sugar) in the blood, in this case is defined person as with diabetes (Diabetes). It is known that the proper level of sugar in the blood after fasting eight hours must be less than 108 mg / Dseltr, while borderline level is 126 mg / Dseltr. However, if the level of glucose in the blood of someone 126 mg / Dseltr and above, in Vhchin or more, then being diagnosed with this person with diabetes. Type I diabetes (Diabetes type 1) (or: Diabetes Type I / diabetes in children / diabetes in adolescents - Juvenile Diabetes): is a disease the immune system which destroyed beta cells in the pancreas, for unknown reasons has not been identified, so far. When the boys, the process of destruction of these quickly and last from a few weeks to a few years. As adults, they continue for many years. Diabetes type II (Diabetes type 2) (or: Diabetes Type II / adult-onset diabetes): is a disease in which the destruction and destruction of beta cells in the pancreas to genetic reasons, probably, supported by external factors. This process is very slow and will continue for decades. The possibility of infecting someone with a healthy weight and physically fit little diabetes, even though he had a decline in insulin secretion. The risk of having a fat person does not exercise physically active diabetes is a high probability, since it is more susceptible to the "insulin resistance" (Insulin resistance) and thus diabetes. Statistics indicate that the number of people diagnosed with Type II diabetes in the world, recorded a very significant rise in recent decades, reaching nearly 150 million people, is expected to rise to 330 million people with diabetes, until the year 2025. One of the main reasons for this sharp rise injury diabetes: obesity, lack of physical activity and changes in the types of foods. Foods common today include deli cause diabetes, being rich Baldehnaat and sugars that are easily absorbed into the blood, leading to an increase in "insulin resistance." In addition, show the majority of diabetic patients other symptoms include a gradual rise in blood pressure, distinct disorders in blood lipids, especially high triglycerides (Triglyceride) and low high-density lipoprotein (good cholesterol - HDL). The high blood pressure (hypertension - Hypertension), the imbalance in blood lipids and high rates of glucose in the blood (diabetes or hyperglycemia - Hyperglycemia) - are the main risk factors for the emergence of the disease atherosclerosis (hardening of the Troda - Atherosclerosis). This explains the very high ratios of morbidity (Morbidity) and death from heart disease and strokes among patients with diabetes compared with other population groups. Since the seventies of the last century, and so far, recorded a marked decrease in morbidity and death from heart disease and cardiovascular disease among the general population in Western countries, while not recorded a similar decline among diabetics. But not more than that, it recorded among women patients with diabetes a significant increase in the incidence of heart disease. In addition, infected diabetic patients in total damage characteristic: the kidneys, in Eye Hpkata (Retina) and in the nervous system. Although the proportion of patients with diabetes among adults of no more than 10%, but the proportion of patients undergoing dialysis treatment (dialysis - Dialysis) of more than 50%. Also, diabetes is the most common cause of vision loss in the "working age". However, of all preventable complications of diabetes and avoided, if receive effective treatment in the early stage of diabetes. In order to avoid these complications, there is an urgent need for joint cooperation between the patient and the between crew processor. That keeping blood pressure level is natural and healthy, lower than 130/80 mm Hg, the normal level and sound of fats in the blood (through physical activity, diet correct and medicines if needed) and a level close as possible to the level proper and natural sugar in the blood - that will ensure diabetic life expectancy (life expectancy / expected - Life expectancy) and the quality of life of a level close to their levels in people uninfected.

Symptoms of diabetes
Symptoms vary depending on the type of diabetes mellitus. Sometimes, you may not feel People with "introductions" Diabetes (Prediabetes) or gestational diabetes (Pregnancy diabetes), with any symptoms at all. Or may feel some of the symptoms of Type I diabetes and Type II diabetes, or all the symptoms together. Symptoms of diabetes: Thirst Urinating frequently, at times close Very severe hunger Low weight for reasons unclear and unknown Fatigue Blurred vision Healing (healing) wound slowly Infections (infection) are frequent, in: gums, skin, vagina or in the urinary bladder. Diabetes Type 1 may infect humans at any stage of life, but it shows, in most cases, in childhood or in adolescence. The diabetes type 2, it is the most common, can appear at any age and can be prevented and avoided, often.

The causes and risk factors for diabetes
Reasons and multiple factors of diabetes. Factors of diabetes type I: In diabetes type I, the immune system attacks the cells responsible for insulin secretion in the pancreas and destroy them, rather than to attack and destroy bacteria and / or viruses harmful, as it does in the normal case (sound) normally. As a result, it remains the body with a small amount of insulin, with or without insulin at all. In this case, sugar accumulates and accumulates in the blood circulation, rather than distributed to various cells in the body. It is not known, so far, real causative kind of diabetes type 1, but it seems that family history plays, probably, an important role. The risk of developing diabetes type I grow in people who suffer one of their parents or their brothers and sisters from diabetes. There are additional factors, too, may be causing diabetes, such as exposure to viral diseases. When infected with "prediabetes" - that may worsen and turn into type II diabetes - type II diabetes, resist the effect of the action of insulin cells while the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin to overcome this resistance. In these cases, the sugar accumulates and accumulates in the circulatory system instead of cells and distributed up to in the various organs of the body. The immediate cause of the occurrence of such cases is still unknown, but it seems that excess fat - especially in the abdomen - and lack of physical activity are important factors in this happening. Researchers are still looking for a true and accurate answer to the following question: Why infect the cases of "prediabetes" and type 2 diabetes specific people, certain, but not others. However, there are several factors obviously increase the risk of diabetes, including: Overweight Lack of physical activity Family history Age. Increased risk of the disease with age, especially over the age of 45 years Gestational diabetes Polycystic ovary syndrome Other cases can be linked to the injury of diabetes, including: Hypertension Excessive LDL cholesterol (LDL) A high level of triglycerides, which is another type of fat found in the blood. When these factors appear - hypertension, hyperglycemia and lipids in the blood is higher than normal level - along with obesity (overweight) arising out of the relationship between them, together, and insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes: During pregnancy, the placenta produces hormones to help and support pregnancy. These hormones make cells more resistant to insulin. In the second and third thirds of pregnancy, placenta grows and produces large quantities of these hormones which obstructed the action of insulin and make it more difficult. In normal cases natural, issued pancreatic reaction to this is to produce an additional amount of insulin to overcome that resistance. But the pancreas is unable, sometimes, to keep up the pace, leading to a very small amount of sugar (glucose) into cells, while accumulate and accumulate a large amount of it in circulation. Thus consists gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy). State may be a pregnant woman diagnosed with gestational diabetes, but there are women are more likely than others. The risk factors for diabetes include: Women over the age of 25 years Family history or personal Overweight.

Diabetes complications
Different complications resulting from diabetes depending on the type of diabetes. Diabetic complications of the first and second types: Short-term complications resulting from diabetes types I II requires prompt treatment. Such cases that are not addressed immediately, could lead to get convulsions (Convulsions) and coma (Coma). Hyperglycaemia (Hyperglycemia) A high level of ketones in the urine (ketoacidosis Diabetes - Diabetic ketoacidosis) Hypoglycemia (Hypoglycemia). The long-term complications caused by diabetes are showing gradually. And increases the risk of developing complications whenever diabetes at a younger age and in people who are not keen to balance the level of sugar in the blood. Diabetic complications may lead, ultimately, to get disability, or even death. Cardiovascular disease (heart and bloody Alaoauah) Damage to the nerves (neuropathy - Neuropathy) Kidney damage (nephropathy - Nephropathy) Damage to the eyes Damage in the side of the feet Disease in the skin and in the mouth Problems in the bones and joints. Gestational diabetes complications: The majority of women who saponified gestational diabetes give birth to healthy babies. However, If the diabetes in the blood of pregnant women is not being monitored balanced and treated as they should, it may cause damage to the mother and the baby, both. Complications may get the baby because of gestational diabetes: Overgrowth Hypoglycemia Respiratory distress syndrome (Respiratory distress syndrome) Jaundice (Jaundice) Type II diabetes at the age of Advanced Death Complications may get the mother because of gestational diabetes: Pre-eclampsia (pre - eclampsia) Gestational diabetes in the next pregnancy also Complications prediabetes: May develop prediabetes condition to become aggravated diabetes type II

Diagnosis of diabetes
There are several blood tests, with which to diagnose the symptoms of Type I diabetes or type II diabetes symptoms, including: Random screening for diabetes in the blood level. Check the level of diabetes in the fasting blood. If diagnosed with someone Barad diabetes, according to the test results, it is likely that the doctor checkup extra in order to determine the type of diabetes (diabetes type I or diabetes type II), with the aim of selecting diabetes treatment appropriate and effective, noting that the treatment methods vary diabetes type to another. Assays to detect gestational diabetes: Screening tests for gestational diabetes is an integral part of regular checkups, routine in pregnancy.And which is conducted during pregnancy, between the twenty-fourth week and eighth week of pregnancy, or earlier in women most at risk gestational diabetes. And begins "glucose challenge test" to drink a solution of sugar syrup. An hour later on being a blood test to measure the level (concentration) diabetes in the blood. If diabetes in the blood is higher than 140 mmol / L (7.8 mg / Dseltr), this usually indicates the presence of gestational diabetes. However, in the majority of cases there is a need to repeat the test in order to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes. In preparation for the re-examination (extra), should a pregnant woman who is subject to examination that fast throughout the night before the examination. Here, again, the solution is to drink sweet this time contains a higher concentration of glucose, then measure the level of diabetes in the blood every hour, over three hours.  Assays to detect "prediabetes": Recommends the American College of Endocrinology (hormonal system - Endocrinology), usually, to conduct screening of "prediabetes" Everyone has a family history of diabetes type II, for those who suffer from excessive obesity, or infected syndrome metabolic (Metabolic syndrome). Also favored the subject of this test, too, women who have had in the past gestational diabetes. The doctor recommends to undergo one Alvhchin following a diagnosis of "prediabetes": Examine diabetes in fasting blood Glucose tolerance test (Glucose tolerance test).

Diabetes Treatment
Diabetes treatment varies, depending on the type of disease, and may include: monitoring and follow-up of the level of blood sugar, insulin and other drugs are taken orally. Some patients may need, even, to the pancreas transplant. Whatever the type of diabetes, the degree of success in its resistance and dealing with the treatment of diabetes regard to the extent of diligence and perseverance on healthy nutrition, physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight. Diabetes treatment to maintain a healthy weight and healthy is one of the basic compounds and the most important in any treatment, in its different forms. And maintain a healthy weight by following a healthy diet and exercise physical activity: Healthy nutrition Physical activity Treat diabetes types I and II: Initial treatment of diabetes types I and II is subject to monitoring and follow-up blood sugar levels, along with taking insulin or other medicines to treat diabetes, or both: Monitoring and follow-up of the level of diabetes in the blood Insulin Pharmaceuticals are taken orally, or other Transplantation (Transplantation). Gestational diabetes (Pregnancy diabetes): In order to maintain the health of the fetus and prevent complications during childbirth, must balance the level of sugar in the blood. In addition to ensuring healthy nutrition and exercise, it is possible that includes the treatment of diabetes, too, follow the level of sugar in the blood, and even the use of insulin in some cases. The medical staff therapist to follow the level of sugar in the blood, including during the birth process. Because if the higher the level of sugar in the blood of pregnant women, the hormone secreted by the body of the fetus high concentration of insulin, leading to a decline in the level of sugar in the blood after birth, directly. Diabetes treatment and treatment of prediabetes (Prediabetes): Many patients can diabetic Bmekdmat, by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, restore the level of sugar in the blood to normal level (sound), or at least, prevent a rise to levels similar to those that are recorded in patients with type II diabetes. It may be useful, too, maintain a healthy weight, by exercising and following a healthy diet. The medicines are, sometimes, a therapeutically appropriate alternative and effective disease and diabetes treatment, for people in a high-risk groups. These include: cases in which exacerbated the disease "prediabetes," or suffered by the diabetic patient from another disease, whether a disease heartily and Aaúaa (Cardiovascular disease), fatty liver disease (FLD - Fatty liver disease), or polycystic ovary syndrome ( Polycystic ovary syndrome). The landing here is drugs treat diabetes drugs are taken orally, such as: Metformin (Metformin). In other cases, the drugs are needed to balance the level of cholesterol in the blood - and a special category of statins (Statins) and drugs to treat hypertension. It is likely that the doctor prescribes a low dose of aspirin (Aspirin) as a measure for the prevention of disease. However, it remains a healthy lifestyle is the key to success.

Diabetes Prevention
Can not prevent type I diabetes. But a healthy lifestyle that contributes to the treatment of stage and symptoms of pre-diabetes, type II diabetes and gestational diabetes can also contribute to the prevention and prevention. Ensuring healthy nutrition Increase physical activity Get rid of excess weight. And can, in some cases, the use of medications. Vadoah diabetes treatment that is taken orally, such as: metformin (metformin) and Rosegelitzn (rosiglitazone) can reduce the risk of type II diabetes. However, it remains to maintain a healthy lifestyle on a very high degree of importance.

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