Ulcerative colitis

The ulcerative colitis is a disease that causes ulcers in the lining of the rectum and colon. It is one of the group of diseases called "inflammatory bowel disease." Ulcers form in the place where the inflammation has killed the cells that usually line the colon.That can affect one ulcerative colitis at any age, but usually begins between ten and thirty-fifth, as it goes sometimes hereditary. The most widespread symptoms are pain in the abdomen and bleeding diarrhea, other symptoms may include anemia, fatigue, weight loss, loss of appetite, rectal bleeding and ulcers on the skin and pain in the joints, as you might Children with growth problems.Suffers most people with ulcerative colitis symptoms lightly. There are many drugs help control ulcerative colitis. It is possible to enjoy some of the injured a long quiet period of the disease when getting rid of the symptoms. In severe cases, the removal of the infected colon be an imperative.



Introduction
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory intestinal disease. The ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease most prevalent diseases among inflammatory bowel disease.Cause of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease inflammation in the intestines, but are very similar symptoms.This tutorial explains the causes, symptoms and diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Anatomy of the digestive system
Food passes that Neptala through the esophagus, which is the feeding tube.
After that, food enters the stomach, where it is digested.
Moves food after digestion of the stomach into the small intestine, where complete digestion of food and absorption into the body.
Finally up food and fiber after digestion to complete the colon. In the colon, absorbed the remaining elements of food, and formed stool.
Stool is stored in the latter part of the colon, the sigmoid colon and rectum, before being put out.

Colon consists of several sections:
-Ascending colonTransverse
-colonDescending
-colonSigmoid
-colonRectal
-Anal


Intestinal walls consist of three layers. Called the inner layer of the intestinal wall mucous layer; and is responsible for the digestion of food and absorption.The middle layer of the intestinal wall is muscle layer is responsible for payment of food through the intestines.Called the outer layer of the intestinal wall serological class. They are very smooth layer, which prevent the entanglement of the intestine in the abdominal cavity.


Ulcerative colitis
Inflammation is the natural way that followed the body to get rid of damaged tissue. And ulcerative colitis occurs when you hit the top layers of the lining of the large intestine inflammation.Cause ulcerative colitis swelling and scarring of the colon tissue. And can also be called colitis or proctitis.Then formed ulcers in places where the inflammation has destroyed some cells in the lining of the colon. These ulcers bleed and produce pus and mucus.The inflammation occurs induced colitis Alegrahiedh in the lower part of the colon and rectum, but can affect the entire colon as well. The ulcerative colitis usually affects the small intestine.The main difference between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease is where the inflammation occurs. While ulcerative colitis is limited to colon injury usually, Crohn's disease can affect the entire digestive tube.Some patients live ulcerative colitis long periods without any symptoms. And can extend this period several years. But the disease appears and disappears at varying intervals for life.Inflammation leads to colon vacuum most of the time, causing diarrhea and the appearance of blood in the stool.


The causes of ulcerative colitis
Still the cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown. Doctors believe that the immune system responds to the impact of a virus or bacterium leads to inflammation of the intestinal wall.The immune system consists of blood cells and chemicals found bacteria and viruses in the body and kill them. But when the immune system attacks the intestinal wall, it can cause the inflammation and swelling and damage and scarring.Ulcerative colitis occurs usually between the ages of 15 and 40 years, although it is possible that affects children and the elderly as well.Ulcerative colitis affects men and women for the same, and it seems that it is transmitted by heredity.


Symptoms of ulcerative colitis
More symptoms of ulcerative colitis prevalent are abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea.Can feel ulcerative colitis patients, including the following:


Fatigue
Weight loss
Loss of appetite
Bleeding from the rectum
Lack of body fluids and nutrients


The ulcerative colitis patients are more vulnerable than others to the risk of colon cancer. This is an additional reason requires them to undergo regular medical check-ups.


Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis
May need to be a thorough clinical examination and to conduct a series of tests for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.Can reveal blood tests and there is a shortage of red blood cell count, anemia or anemia, which refers to bleeding in the intestines. As can be blood tests reveal an increase in the number of white blood cells, and this refers to the presence of inflammation.By examining a sample of stool doctor can reveal the presence of bleeding or infection in the intestines.The doctor may need to perform a colonoscopy, to enter the telescope through the anus to see the lining of the large intestine. The endoscope is a long flexible tube light provider and is connected to a computer and a TV screen. And which sees the doctor any inflammation or bleeding.During colonoscopy, the doctor can take a biopsy, a tissue sample from the lining of the intestine for examination under a microscope.And can be warranted a colon X-ray after giving the patient barium enema. Where the doctor can see the colon clear vision when it becomes full of bariom, a white chalky solution, because barium X-ray shows.


The treatment of ulcerative colitis

Aims to address ulcerative colitis:
Control inflammationCorrect nutritional deficienciesRelieve abdominal pain, diarrhea and lower gastrointestinal bleeding.Treatment may include giving dietary supplements, or medications, or stay in the hospital, or surgery, or a combination of several measures together.Food processing. If symptoms caused by some food, it is possible to control these symptoms to avoid eating foods that irritate the intestines, such as spicy foods or milk sugar called lactose.Medicines. You can use different types of drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. It Alaminosalisellat and corticosteroids (cortisone) and immunosuppression.Help Alaminosalisellat fight inflammation. Usually treated patients with ulcerative colitis mild or moderate this type of medication first. It is also useful for patients who suffer from colitis relapse.The corticosteroids, or steroids, also reduce inflammation. It is commonly prescribed for patients with moderate ulcerative colitis and severe, or for patients who not benefit them Alaminosalisellat. Can cause side effects corticosteroids such as weight gain and high blood pressure, diabetes, acne and the appearance of hair on the face and changes in mood and lack of bone mass and increased risk of infection. Because of these side effects, do not usually advised to use corticosteroids for a long time, but very effective if used for a short period.The immunosuppressive reduce inflammation through their effects on the immune system. Usually these medications prescribed to patients who do not get better when use Alaminosalisellat or corticosteroids or for patients who are dependent on corticosteroids. It may take six months before they clear the full benefits of immune suppression. Patient remains which deals with immunosuppression under surveillance in anticipation of complications such as pancreatitis, hepatitis or decrease the number of white blood cells or infection.Other drugs can be given to patient convenience or to relieve pain or diarrhea or infection.Admission to hospital. Symptoms may be severe to the extent that it requires enter the patient to the hospital. Of these symptoms of bleeding or severe diarrhea that can lead to dehydration (loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body).Surgery. Approximately 25-40% of patients with ulcerative colitis eventually need to colectomy due to severe bleeding or disease progression or rupture of the colon or the risk of cancer.The doctor recommends removal of the colon if drug therapy fails, or if the side effects of corticosteroids or other drugs threaten the health of the patient.In some colectomy surgery arrive surgeon end of the small intestine with leather barrel opened on the middle and outer; This is called ileostomy. The patient loses in these operations the ability to control the exit of feces.And there are other surgical operations to eradicate colon surgeon connects the end of the small intestine rectum, and this is what allows the patient to control the exit of feces naturally.

Summary
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammation of the lining of the large intestine. This inflammation causes diarrhea and lead to the formation of ulcers. And if not treated can lead to serious health conditions.Patients can survive ulcerative colitis a long period of time before the onset of symptoms.There are many types of treatments available for patients with ulcerative colitis. And when necessary, surgery can help the patient to live a normal active life.The patients who need to take drugs for a long time remain able to perform their work and raise their families and to work successfully in the community and at home.